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Article Type

Article

Abstract

One of the leading causes of diseases and deaths across the world are bacterial infections, and the situation is only going to grow worse as antibiotic resistance spreads. Antimicrobial resistance must be closely monitored so as to control the spread of multi-antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. As a result, the goal for the study was to estimate the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection on top of that to look into the antibacterial pattern over the last five years. This retrospective investigation was carried out in various hospitals in Iraq like Central Children's Teaching Hospital for Children, Al Kindi Teaching Hospital, Al-Numan Hospital, Yarmouk Hospital (Baghdad), Babylon Women's and Children's Hospital Diyala Teaching Hospital. The data were collected from January 2018 through December 2022. A total of 36,790 clinical isolates were collected from different samples, with P. aeruginosa accounting for 12.4% (n = 4,562). During the period of the study, antibiotic susceptibility patterns in P. aeruginosa exhibited a considerable elevation in a majority of the tested antibiotics. Tobramycin and piperacillin resistance rates were augmented dramatically, from 48.99% and 86.98% in 2018 to 64.92% and 90.98% in 2022, respectively. Resistance rates for ceftazidime, cefixime, ceftriaxone, and cefepime went from 81%, 10.03%, 75.99%, and 86.04% in 2018 to 91.07%, 9.92%, 90.98%, and 90.09% in 2022, respectively, and resistance rates in carbapenems between imipenem and meropenem grew dramatically. Imipenem and meropenem rates grew from 56.99% and 2.03%, respectively, in 2018 to 72.95% and 4.96% in 2022. The current investigation found that P. aeruginosa drug resistance has increased during the study period. As a result, it is critical to regulate and reduce antibiotic resistance through nosocomial infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship.

Keywords

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Antimicrobial resistance, AMR, Epidemiology

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