Article Type
Original Study
Abstract
Health and ecosystems face widespread, impactful problems. Untreated wastewater is discharged into waterways and lands in most developing countries, containing harmful substances and pathogens. WHO estimates that nearly 1.7 billion people drink contaminated water in developing countries, and that contamination leads to nearly 500,000 diarrheal deaths each year. However, existing treatment methods are insufficient to remove dissolved substances and specific pollutants; they are very expensive, energy-intensive, require advanced technologies, and high operational skills. The process of removing pollutants from wastewater using plant waste powders involves a combination of mechanisms, including adsorption, complexation, and ion exchange. These processes are characterized by the presence of functional groups, active chemical compounds, and surface structures, which underscores their importance in treatment. This research aims to evaluate the toxicity of water treated with plant powders and the toxicity of spent plant powders based on germination. Using powder of Pine (Pinus brutia) and olive (Olea europaea) leaves, wastewater treatment, and analysis experiments were conducted. Phytotoxicity experiments were also conducted on cress (Lepidium sativum), monitoring the rate of germination, its delay, and any harmful effects on plants. Results were compared with raw wastewater and drinking water, and with the maximum permissible values for wastewater used for various purposes. The results showed that the use of unmodified olive and pine leaf powder improves the efficiency of the water treatment process. The spent powders can be used for two consecutive treatment cycles with an acceptable reduction in removal efficiency, and contaminant removal. The treatment method or the spent powder proved safe, compared to treatment plant or stability pond methods, which require longer time. The odor of the treated water was acceptable. This is an environmentally friendly method that achieves the goals of environmental, health, and sustainability development. It is available in large quantities, at a low cost, and with good efficiency.
Keywords
Phytotoxicity, Domestic wastewater, Plant leaves, Powders, Greenly treatment
Recommended Citation
Ali-Nizam, Adnan Ahmad; Amin, Magdi; and Hemza, Isam Shaker
(2025)
"Evaluation of Phytotoxicity of Greenly Treated Domestic Wastewater by Spent Plant Leaf Powders,"
Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences: Vol. 6:
Iss.
9, Article 11.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.70080/2790-7937.1051