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Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Thalassemia syndromes encompass a wide range of hemoglobin disorders characterized by either the absence or diminished production of normal globin chains. Hepcidin, a peptide produced by the liver with antimicrobial properties, is mainly synthesized by hepatocytes situated near the portal veins, which are responsible for transporting dietary iron, as well as by Kupffer cells. Before blood transfusions, increased erythropoietic activity leads to a reduction in hepcidin, resulting in lower hepcidin levels that enhance the absorption of dietary iron. Parasite protozoa depend on iron for their survival, as it plays a crucial role in the growth and enzymatic functions of E. histolytica by participating in the synthesis of the parasite's enzymes. An elevation in hepcidin levels may serve as a host defense mechanism aimed at limiting iron availability to microbes during inflammatory responses; however, this mechanism may prove ineffective in non-infectious inflammatory conditions that lead to anemia. Aims: To identify the hepcidin hormone along with various biochemical indicators that can predict outcomes in Iraqi patients with β-thalassemia major, specifically those who have tested either positive or negative for Entamoeba histolytica. Methods: A total of 200 (150 with β-thalassemia patients and 50 healthy subjects) were involved in this study during their attendance at AL-Karama hospital and Ibn AL-Baladi hospital in Baghdad. The study was conducted during the period from January 2024 to May 2024. The age range of all patients were from (15-35) years and the necessary information's were taken from all patients. Stool specimens were collected from patients with blood and /or mucus diarrhea and five ml disposable syringe was used to collect venous blood by vein puncture. blood was transferred to 10 ml sterile serum separator tubes (gel tube used for detection of: Hepcidin by ELISA ALT, AST, Iron and TIBC by using biochemical specific auto-analyzer instrument. Results: The results of biochemical indicators showed an elevated levels in liver the enzymes (ALT, AST) and (Iron and TIBC) was significantly higher than that observed in the control (P < 0.0001). According to serum concentration of Hepcidin showed a lower for β-thalassemia patients' group (P < 0.0001) (80.83 ± 77.7) as compared with control (320.9 ± 88.1). In the present study, no statistically significant difference (PEntamoeba histolytica. Also, the results showed significant decreases (PEntamoeba histolytica. Conclusion: Patients with β-thalassemia who are infected with Entamoeba histolytica exhibited a notable reduction in hepcidin levels, along with a significant difference in certain biochemical indicators.

Keywords

β-thalassemia, Entamoeba histolytica, Hepcidin, ALT, AST, Iron and TIBC

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