•  
  •  
 

Article Type

Review

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder, remains a global health challenge with escalating prevalence rates, necessitating a thorough understanding of its multifaceted aspects for effective management. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the epidemiology, classification, risk factors, pathophysiology, and management strategies of diabetes. The epidemiology highlights the rising global prevalence of DM and its regional variations, emphasizing the socio-economic and demographic factors contributing to this epidemic. The classification provides an in-depth analysis of the evolving classification systems, encompassing Type 1, Type 2, and gestational diabetes. Risk factors associated with the development of diabetes are explored, encompassing genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, obesity, and environmental factors. The pathophysiology delves into the mechanisms underlying insulin resistance, β -cell dysfunction, and metabolic derangements leading to hyperglycemia. The paper reviews current management approaches, incorporating lifestyle modifications, monitoring hyperlipidemia, body mass index (BMI) and technological advancements, such as continuous glucose monitoring. In conclusion, this review provides a holistic overview of diabetes, offering valuable insights into its epidemiology, classification, risk factors, pathophysiology, and management strategies. The synthesis of current knowledge aims to inform healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers, fostering a comprehensive understanding essential for improving the prevention, diagnosis, and management of diabetes on a global scale.

Keywords

Diabetes mellitus, Type 2 diabetes, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Pathophysiology, Management

Download

Share

COinS