The Association Between Osteoporosis in Females Following Menopause and Vitamin D Deficiency

Authors

• Hadel Kareem Al-Rubaiawi, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
• Noor Adel Hussein, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
• Dunia Abdul Jabbar Star, Middle Technical University, Institute of Medical Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
• Amer Hasan Abdullah, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
• Salma Abdul-Ridha Abbas, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
• Hawazin Aziz Hamim, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacy College, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, IraqFollow

Article Type

Review

Abstract

The intricate relationship among osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, and hormonal changes. Growth hormone, cortisol, parathyroid hormone, estrogen, testosterone, thyroid hormones, and thyroid hormones are a few of the hormones that affect bone turnover and density. Alterations in their concentrations, whether brought on by healthy aging or illnesses, can interfere with bone remodelling and increase the risk of osteoporosis. Moreover, inadequate levels of vitamin D increase the risk by decreasing the absorption of calcium and the mineralization of bone. Estrogen and vitamin D deficits increase bone loss, especially in postmenopausal women. Proactive treatment techniques, including hormone replacement therapy, vitamin D supplements, and lifestyle changes, are critical for maintaining good bone health and lowering the risk of fracture. Understanding and addressing these factors are paramount for preventing osteoporosis and its associated complications, especially in vulnerable populations.

Keywords

Osteoporosis, Menopause, Vitamin D

Recommended Citation

Al-Rubaiawi, Hadel Kareem; Hussein, Noor Adel; Star, Dunia Abdul Jabbar; Abdullah, Amer Hasan; Abbas, Salma Abdul-Ridha; and Hamim, Hawazin Aziz (2026) "The Association Between Osteoporosis in Females Following Menopause and Vitamin D Deficiency," Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences: Vol. 7: Iss. 11, Article 26.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.70080/2790-7937.1097